Oncotarget

Research Papers:

Accurate diagnosis of mismatch repair deficiency in colorectal cancer using high-quality DNA samples from cultured stem cells

PDF |  HTML  |  Supplementary Files  |  How to cite

Oncotarget. 2018; 9:37534-37548. https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.26495

Metrics: PDF 1883 views  |   HTML 2374 views  |   ?  

Tadayoshi Yamaura _, Hiroyuki Miyoshi, Hisatsugu Maekawa, Tomonori Morimoto, Takehito Yamamoto, Fumihiko Kakizaki, Koichiro Higasa, Kenji Kawada, Fumihiko Matsuda, Yoshiharu Sakai and M. Mark Taketo

Abstract

Tadayoshi Yamaura1,2,*, Hiroyuki Miyoshi1,4,*, Hisatsugu Maekawa1,2, Tomonori Morimoto1,2, Takehito Yamamoto1,2, Fumihiko Kakizaki1, Koichiro Higasa3,5, Kenji Kawada2, Fumihiko Matsuda3, Yoshiharu Sakai2 and M. Mark Taketo1,4

1Division of Experimental Therapeutics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Konoé-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan

2Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan

3Center of Genomic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan

4Office of Society-Academia Collaboration for Innovation, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Honmachi, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan

5Present address: Department of Genome Analysis, Institute of Biomedical Science, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka 573-1010, Japan

*These authors contributed equally to this work

Correspondence to:

M. Mark Taketo, email: taketo@mfour.med.kyoyo-u.ac.jp

Keywords: colorectal cancer; spheroid; cancer stem cell; molecular oncology; immunotherapy

Received: June 30, 2018     Accepted: December 10, 2018     Published: December 25, 2018

ABSTRACT

Mismatch repair (MMR)-deficient or microsatellite instability (MSI) colorectal cancer includes two subtypes; Lynch syndrome and sporadic MSI cancer, both of which generate multiple neoantigens due to unrepaired mutations. Although such patients respond very well to immune checkpoint therapy, their diagnosis can be confused by low quality DNA samples owing to formalin fixation and/or low cancer cell content. Here we prepared high-quality DNA samples from in vitro-cultured cancer spheroids that consisted of the pure cell population. We evaluated their diagnostic power by on-chip electrophoresis, mutational burden assessment, and direct sequencing. Because formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues are widely used as the DNA source, we compared such samples with spheroid DNA. Additionally, we performed immunohistochemistry (IHC) for MMR proteins on spheroids as well as primary tumor sections. Of 111 cases of colorectal cancer patients, we found seven MSI-high cases in which all diagnostic results agreed on spheroid-based assays, whereas the results with the FFPE DNA were less reliable though analyzable. Importantly, there was an MSS case that appeared as MSI by IHC on primary tumor sections. Based on these results, we propose to employ cultured cancer spheroids as the source of both DNA and IHC specimens for more reliable clinical diagnosis.



Creative Commons License All site content, except where otherwise noted, is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
PII: 26495