Research Papers:
Evidence for functional and regulatory cross-talk between Wnt/β-catenin signalling and Mre11–Rad50–Nbs1 complex in the repair of cisplatin-induced DNA cross-links
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Abstract
Sanjeev Pasadi1 and Kalappa Muniyappa1
1 Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
Correspondence to:
Kalappa Muniyappa, | email: | kmbc@iisc.ac.in |
Keywords: cancer; cisplatin resistance; cisplatin-induced DNA crosslinks; Wnt/β-catenin signalling; Mre11–Rad50–Nbs1 complex
Received: May 07, 2020 Accepted: September 10, 2020 Published: November 03, 2020
ABSTRACT
The canonical Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway plays a crucial role in a variety of functions including cell proliferation and differentiation, tumorigenic processes and radioresistance in cancer cells. The Mre11–Rad50–Nbs1 (MRN) complex has a pivotal role in sensing and repairing DNA damage. However, it remains unclear whether a connection exists between Wnt/β-catenin signalling and the MRN complex in the repair of cisplatin-induced DNA interstrand cross-links (ICLs). Here, we report that (1) cisplatin exposure results in a significant increase in the levels of MRN complex subunits in human tumour cells; (2) cisplatin treatment stimulates Wnt/β-catenin signalling through increased β-catenin expression; (3) the functional perturbation of Wnt/β-catenin signalling results in aberrant cell cycle dynamics and the activation of DNA damage response and apoptosis; (4) a treatment with CHIR99021, a potent and selective GSK3β inhibitor, augments cisplatin-induced cell death in cancer cells. On the other hand, inactivation of the Wnt/β-catenin signalling with FH535 promotes cell survival. Consistently, the staining pattern of γH2AX-foci is significantly reduced in the cells exposed simultaneously to cisplatin and FH535; and (5) inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin signalling impedes cisplatin-induced phosphorylation of Chk1, abrogates the G2/M phase arrest and impairs recombination-based DNA repair. Our data further show that Wnt signalling positively regulates the expression of β-catenin, Mre11 and FANCD2 at early time points, but declining thereafter due to negative feedback regulation. These results support a model wherein Wnt/β-catenin signalling and MRN complex crosstalk during DNA ICL repair, thereby playing an important role in the maintenance of genome stability.
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