Research Papers:
Triptolide-induced apoptosis in non-small cell lung cancer via a novel miR204-5p/Caveolin-1/Akt-mediated pathway
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Abstract
Brian J. Philips1, Ajay Kumar1, Sarah Burki1, John P. Ryan1, Kentaro Noda1 and Jonathan D’Cunha2
1 Division of Lung Transplantation and Lung Failure, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
2 Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, AZ, USA
Correspondence to:
Jonathan D’Cunha, | email: | DCunha.Jonathan@mayo.edu |
Keywords: triptolide; lung cancer; caveolin-1; miR204-5p; apoptosis
Received: February 08, 2020 Accepted: April 14, 2020 Published: July 14, 2020
ABSTRACT
Lung cancer is one of the most prevalent malignancies world-wide with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) comprising nearly 80% of all cases. Unfortunately, many lung cancer patients are diagnosed at advanced stages of the disease with an associated poor prognosis. Recently, the Chinese herb root extract Triptolide/Minnelide (TL) has shown significant promise as a therapeutic agent for NSCLC treatment both in vitro and in vivo. The aim of this study was to investigate the underlying mechanism(s) of action regarding TL-induced cytotoxicity in NSCLC. We demonstrate that triptolide treatment of A549 and H460 NSCLC cells decreases Caveolin-1 (CAV-1) mRNA/protein expression, resulting in activation of the Akt/Bcl-2-mediated mitochondrial apoptosis pathway. CAV-1 down-regulation was triggered by Micro-RNA 204-5p (miR204-5p) up-regulation and could be significantly blocked by pre-treatment with both Sirt-1/Sirt-3 specific siRNA and SIRT-1/SIRT-3 enzyme inhibitors, EX-527 and nicotinamide. Overall, our results provide evidence for a novel mechanism by which TL exerts its cytotoxic effects on NSCLC via CAV-1 down-regulation. Furthermore, these findings demonstrate a pivotal role for TL induction of the Akt/Bax pathway in apoptosis of human lung cancer.
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